ࡱ> M Ibjbj== .WWEl(((<@"@"@"@"<|"<C2D#V%%%%y&y&y&ECGCGCGCGCGCGC$D GkC(y&u&y&y&y&kCs,%%Cs,s,s,y&8%(%ECs,y&ECs,|s,-}@(1B%8# PKT*<!@"y*4 A1BC0C!AG*G1Bs,<<Draft 1 PAYMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES (PES) WORKSHOP REPORT Nairobi, Kenya 18th February 2005 Patrick Karani BEA International  HYPERLINK "http://www.BEAINTERNATIONAL.ORG" www.BEAINTERNATIONAL.ORG Introduction: This report is a synthesis of the presentations, discussions and specific interventions of the Payment for Environmental Services (PES) workshop held on the 18th February 2005. The workshop coordinated by BEA International with the support of Ford Foundation, was conceived as a working team on PES. The workshop deliberated on critical issues including valuing of natural resources, sharing of benefits, local communities interests and enabling policy environment. Concluding remarks contained some key recommendations including establishment of a task force that will move the PES process forward in Kenya and in the region. This report has been structured to provide the reader with some background on PES, process on the workshop discussion, outcomes of the group deliberations, conclusions and recommendations, and with the provision of a list of participants. Background: Globally, Payment for Environmental Services (PES) is emerging as an innovative instrument with both theoretical and practical potential opportunities for bringing positive change to environmental management, preservation and conservation as well as contributing to sustainable development and eradication of poverty at all levels. In addition, PES provides an opportunity for new knowledge creation through applied Research, Design and Development (RD&D) of projects that recognize local communities efforts and strategies to conservation and management of natural resources and assets. Against this background, Bureau of Environmental Analysis (BEA) International in collaboration with Resource Africa (RA) in Pretoria, South Africa and the Indonesian Institute for Forest and Environment (RMI) based in Bogor, in conjunction with Regional Community Forestry Training Center for Asia and the Pacific (RECOFT) in Bankok, Thailand, and with the support of the Ford Foundation (FF), have been involved since June 2004 in a one year exploratory activity with the objectives of learning and building up on earlier work on PES in other countries and identifying and establishing key strategic areas for further work and new thematic program areas. Therefore, the Nairobi workshop held at the Nairobi Safari Club Hotel (Lilian Towers), Off University Way on 18th February 2005, was aimed at discussing preliminary findings of BEA International, associates and partners work with regard to PES. BEAs work focus on exploring carbon offset markets and arrangements that could potentially benefit communities, with emphasis on community and social preparation and capacity building. The workshop attended by 25 participants discussed three case studies on forestry, ecotourism and water and sanitation services within the broader framework of PES. The workshop concluded by making specific recommendations for further actions and next program design and discussions. The outputs of the workshop will be presented at the international PES conference to be held at Kruger National Park on 20-23rd April 2005 coordinated by Resource Africa with the support of RECOFT. Process and Dialogue Session: The workshop started with normal process of registration and self-introduction of the participants with brief professional background, institutional affiliation and interests in PES. Thereafter, a general background on PES was discussed providing some empirical, theoretical and practical examples. On the basis of the question raised How Best Can We Meet Environmental and Social Objectives Given Increased Exploitation of Natural Resources? participants strongly responded with the need for action to merge and or link PES activities through development of enabling environment and policy that will commit institutions and minimize continued exploitation of natural resources and local communities efforts in conservation. The following framework in a dialogue format provided some strategic guidance for discussion by the participants.  EMBED PowerPoint.Slide.8  Based on this framework of margin for action, workshop participants recognized the need to engage all stakeholders and build necessary capacity that will contribute to effective implementation of PES activities, projects and programs. However, the participants acknowledged that PES is a new concept and could be complex to implement without proper understanding and necessary tools for implementation. In particular, local communities dependent on natural resources for livelihood may be in conflict with PES approaches that propose long term pay-back and long-term benefits. PES need to recognize in advance short term pay-back periods and immediate benefits to local communities. Flexibility in PES and incentives provided by PES could significantly motivate conservation for development. With this in mind, PES would reverse continued rate of deforestation, deteriorating quality of water and un-managed ecosystems. At the end of the generic discussions, the participants divided themselves into three groups in line with the thematic areas of afforestation, ecotourism and water and sanitation services. The group discussions were guided by the following questions:  EMBED PowerPoint.Slide.8  From the group discussions, a number of issues were raised including forest carbon projects, watershed management, ecotourism, valuing natural resources, institutional abilities and human capabilities to undertake effective implementation of PES initiatives. It was scored that the current projects under implementation are demonstration projects that provide a basis for experimenting with PES and how can best practices and lessons generated for enhancing the understanding of PES initiatives and potential PES projects identified, designed and developed on the basis of replication strategy. Emerging Issues: Specific emerging issues from the group discussions as per the above questions are summarized in the table below. Synergies in all the Three Groups with common front on PESGuiding Questions for Group DiscussionsGroup I. Forestry IssuesGroup II. Water and Sanitation ServicesGroup III. EcotourismWhat type of environmental services are likely to be realized from projects activities; - soil and water - biodiversity - air and water quality - aesthetic and religious - recreational sites - landscaping and beauty - nutrient recycling  biodiversity habitat Conservation Wetlands - water protection - wetlands management - indigenous plants - pastures enhancement - soil erosion protectionWho are the beneficiaries of these environmental services; - farmers HEP- energy industry Water companies & users Tourists & Wildlife Researchers PharmaceuticalsMinistry of Water Local municipalities Agriculture Industry Public and Private Sectorlocal communities NGOS & CBOs Conservation agencies Government (tourism, finance, environment & natural resources Private sector & tour operators donorsWho are the providers of these environmental services; government local communities private sector- Government & landholdings in trust - land users Government, central and local parks Private land owners Communal land ownersWhat schemes or modules can be developed for these purposes; taxation, waivers, breaks as incentives subsidies compensations benefit sharing enabling policieswater basins and irrigation compensation schemes national compensation schemes district compensation schemes endowment trust national environmental tax water abstraction permits polluter pays tax100% local community ownership and driven process Joint venture local community and private sector Lease arrangements (Amboseli) Community/private sector/government partnershipHow can the beneficiaries of PES benefit from these schemes and the providers for environmental services. income employment bursary funds for school fees social programs green certificates and awardseducation health water infrastructure green certificates subsidies as incentives100% community benefits Capacity building (skills, management, poverty reduction, infrastructure, manpower, finances) Returns to investments and incentives to new opportunities Rent to communities Concessions Security Income Infrastructure employment Conclusions and Recommendations: The workshop concluded by recognizing PES as a powerful tool that merits sharing of benefits realized from conservation and management of natural resources. Although, PES mechanism is complex, but necessary steps must be undertaken including effective valuation of natural resources to minimize exploitation of local communities and creation of enabling policy environment to innovatively regulate PES mechanism and ensure effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability. In order to move PES process forward in Kenya and the region, the participants made the following specific recommendations: Recommendations: A Task Force (working team) should be established. This task force will contain institutional diversity including research, academia, policy & decision makers, environment and development, NGOs and CBOs. Most participants at the workshop qualified to the membership of the Task Force. The Task Force will be coordinated by BEA International host of the PES pilot project and workshop. BEA will be responsible for development of the work program and terms of reference for the Task Force members. Further research on PES thematic areas at local, national regional and international levels should be undertaken and findings shared with relevant audience with the purpose of influencing the policy and decision making and implementation of PES projects. PES tools including economic, social, environmental, gender, micro-financing, market access and infrastructure should be developed and applied appropriately. These tools will ensure effective valuation of the natural resources, and enhance wider participation of stakeholders including donors and recipients from public and private sectors as well as local community members and private individuals. A PES Green Certificate should be launched as incentive to motivate and encourage providers of PES. For local communities this reward could include bursary funds, medical aid, social amenities among others in recognition of their efforts to conserving and managing natural resources that provider for environmental services. A policy dialogue series on PES should be initiated to discuss both theoretical and practical issues that will enhance further understanding of PES mechanism and establish a forum for sharing knowledge and information on PES activities. A Newsletter on PES should be initiated as a vehicle to enhance outreach to a broader audience, keep participants posted on emerging issues and potential opportunities for PES activities and projects. Also, the newsletter will identify lessons and best practices as well as replication strategies adaptable to the local environment. Capacity building should be promoted. This may include arrangements for community to community exchange initiatives to learn PES through living examples in other communities, countries and regions. Training and enhancing development of skills appropriate for understanding and implementation of PES. Provision of grants to PES activities, projects and programs that will motivate and attract investments from private sector and international sources. The following were the participants to the workshop that are responsible for these recommendations and will oversee their implementation with the assistance of BEA International. PICTURES SPACE The list of participants below includes two additional names of Prof. Temu and Dr. Lou Verchot from ICRAF and Ms. Emily Massawa (Focal Point National Climate Change) that were unable to participate at the workshop with apologies. Although, they have expressed their interests and support to PES initiative and wish to be part of the established PES Task Force. List of Participants Of The Workshop on Payment for Environmental Services (PES) on 18th of February 2005 at the Nairobi Safari Club. 1. Moses Mungoni NEMA PO Box 1209 Kakamega District Environment officer Tel: 0722834901 Email: mmungoni@yahoo.com 2. Tom Ochuodho National Museums of Kenya P.O Box 40658-00100 Nairobi. Tel: 020-3751319, 0722375664 Fax: 020- 3751319 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:tochuodho@yahoo.com" tochuodho@yahoo.com,  HYPERLINK "mailto:tochuodho@rpsud.org" tochuodho@rpsud.org 3. Nancy Chege Kimani Coordinator COMPACT P.O. Box 144 Nanyuki, Kenya Tel. +254-06231328/31297 Fax +254-6231 323 E-mail: HYPERLINK "/src/compose.php?send_to=wnchege%40iconnect.co.ke"wnchege@iconnect.co.ke 4. James Mwangi Programme Administrative assistant Eastern Africa Coastal forest Ecoregion WWF Eastern Africa regional Program Office (EARPO) 5th Floor ACS Plaza Lenana Road P.O. Box 62440-00200 Nairobi, Kenya Tel. +254-20-577355/572630 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:jmwangi@wwfearpo.org" jmwangi@wwfearpo.org Website:  HYPERLINK "http://www.panda.org" www.panda.org 5. Mr. John Kabera Manager The Magadi Soda Company Ltd P.O. Box 1, 00205 Magadi Tel +254-20- 699 9000/+254-20-699 9309 Fax. +254-20-699 9358 Email: HYPERLINK "/src/compose.php?send_to=kaanto%40magadisoda.co.ke"jkabera@magadisoda.co.ke Cell 072 288 171 6. Dennis Simiyu Monitoring and evaluation officer APPROTEC P.O. Box 64142-00620 Nairobi Tel: 020-78738011, 783046, 0733524819 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:admin@approtec.org" admin@approtec.org Email: Dennis.simiyu@aprotect.org 7. Eric Nahama Forest Department Box 30513 Nairobi Tel: 0722354290 Fax: 020-3754249 Tel: 020-3754904/5/6 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:ccf@wananchi.com" ccf@wananchi.com,  HYPERLINK "mailto:eric_nahama@yahoo.com" eric_nahama@yahoo.com 8. George Muruka K-REP Development Agency P.O. BOX 10528-00100 Tel: 254-020-572422, 0722346835 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:gmuruka@k-rep.co.ke" gmuruka@k-rep.co.ke Website:  HYPERLINK "http://www.krep.org" www.krep.org 9. Phanuell Oballa Research Scientist KEFRI P.O. BOX 20412-00200 Nairobi. Tel: 066-32891/2 0722369412 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:pooballa@yahoo.com" pooballa@yahoo.com 10. Joshua Mukusya Consultant Excellent Development Ltd P.O. Box 16, Kola Machakos Kenya Tel. +254- (0)733 906053 Email:  HYPERLINK "https://webmail.beainternational.org/src/compose.php?send_to=jmukusya%40yahoo.com" jmukusya@yahoo.com Web site:  HYPERLINK "http://www.excellentdevelopment.com" www.excellentdevelopment.com 11. DR. Albert Mwangi Project manager UNDP/Drylands Development Center P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi. TEL: 624634 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:albert.mwangi@undp.org" albert.mwangi@undp.org 12. Charles Situma DRSRS P.O. BOX 47146 Tel: 609013, 0734730234 Fax: 020-609705 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:casituma@yahoo.com" casituma@yahoo.com 13. Naftali Ndugire NEMA P.O. Box 67839-00200 Nairobi Tel: 020-605522/6/7 Fax: 020-608997 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:njmn100@yahoo.com" njmn100@yahoo.com 14 Ole Petenya Yusuf Shompole Community Trust P.O. Box 42-00205, Magadi Soda Tel: 020-891360/890209 Fax: 020-891751 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:yusput@yahoo.com" yusput@yahoo.com Website:  HYPERLINK "http://www.shompole.com" www.shompole.com 15. Mr. Mounkaila Goumandakoye Policy Advisor UNDP Drylands Development Center United Nations Avenue, Gigiri P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi. Tel: 254-020-624638 Fax: 254-020-624648 Mobile: 254-733405284 Email: 16. James Ndung'u Deputy Director African Conservation Centre (ACC) Off Langata Road, Opp. Hillcrest Preparatory Faitacres Lane P.O. Box 62844-00200 Nairobi, Kenya. Tel +254-20-891360 fax +254-20-891751 Email:  HYPERLINK "https://webmail.beainternational.org/src/compose.php?send_to=jndungu%40acc.or.ke" jndungu@acc.or.ke Web site:  HYPERLINK "http://www.conservationafrica.org" www.conservationafrica.org 17. Tukahirwa Joy Landscape ecologist Environmental Conservation trust Of Uganda (ECOTRUST) P.O. Box 8986 Uganda Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:jtukahirwa@ecotrust.or.ug" jtukahirwa@ecotrust.or.ug 18. Dr. Patrick. Gicheru Soil Scientist KARI (Kenya Agricultural Research Institute Kabete) Waiyaki Way P.O. Box 14733-00800 Nairobi Kenya Tel. +254-20 4440229/32 ext. 291, 4443376/4440903 Fax +254-20 4443376 Email:  HYPERLINK "https://webmail.beainternational.org/src/compose.php?send_to=kss%40iconnect.co.ke" kss@iconnect.co.ke 19. Milagre Nuvunga Program Officer The Ford Foundation P.O. Box 41081-00100 Nairobi Tel: 020-2719729/2710444 Fax: 020-2712203 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:m.nuvunga@fordfound.org" m.nuvunga@fordfound.org Web site:  HYPERLINK "http://www.fordfound.org" www.fordfound.org 20. Dr. Patrick Karani BEA International P.O. Box 15953-00100 Nairobi. Tel: 020-631174 Fax: 020-631421 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:pkarani@beainternational.org" pkarani@beainternational.org Website:  HYPERLINK "http://www.beainternational.org" www.beainternational.org 21. Dr. Louis Verchot Lead Soil Scientist for Climate change and soil fertilityt ICRAF P.O. Box 30677-00100 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: 020-524238, 524000 Fax: 020-524001 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:l.verchot@cgiar.org" l.verchot@cgiar.org Website:  HYPERLINK "http://www.worldagroforestrycenter.org" www.worldagroforestrycenter.org 22. Emily Ojoo- Masawa NEMA P.O. BOX 67839 Nairobi Tel: 020-210379 Email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:climate@nbnet.co.ke" climate@nbnet.co.ke SUdDP y{-.IJKLWh$$$E'W'11N33444CJaJmH sH CJaJmHsH5>*CJaJ56CJaJ jU j{E U jU jUyE U jUH*0J5j5U j5U55CJ H*aJ 5CJ aJ 5>*CJ aJ 6 2BdetCDPQ 0 1 *+$ & Fa$$a$ & F$a$II+,-MNVWhi $$Ifa$$ & Fa$$a$$a$@JZe $$Ifa$m$$Ifl,""  t 0644 laF</ L$If^`L & F L$If^`L$$Ifl\:,"  t(0644 la-G\u( $If & F H0$If`0 & F H$If^`$If()deXPA/ L$If^`L & F L$If^`L$$Ifl\:,"  t 0644 laeo #5AW & F :$If^`: & F H$If^H` & F ~~$If^~` & F ~`$If^~``XA/ L$If^`L & F L$If^`L$$Ifl\:,"  t 0644 la  ! 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